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Total
359 CVE
| CVE | Vendors | Products | Updated | CVSS v2 | CVSS v3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2011-1833 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2014-03-08 | 3.3 LOW | N/A |
| Race condition in the ecryptfs_mount function in fs/ecryptfs/main.c in the eCryptfs subsystem in the Linux kernel before 3.1 allows local users to bypass intended file permissions via a mount.ecryptfs_private mount with a mismatched uid. | |||||
| CVE-2014-0703 | 1 Cisco | 2 Wireless Lan Controller, Wireless Lan Controller Software | 2014-03-07 | 10.0 HIGH | N/A |
| Cisco Wireless LAN Controller (WLC) devices 7.4 before 7.4.110.0 distribute Aironet IOS software with a race condition in the status of the administrative HTTP server, which allows remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions by connecting to an Aironet access point on which this server had been disabled ineffectively, aka Bug ID CSCuf66202. | |||||
| CVE-2013-1792 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2014-03-06 | 4.7 MEDIUM | N/A |
| Race condition in the install_user_keyrings function in security/keys/process_keys.c in the Linux kernel before 3.8.3 allows local users to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and system crash) via crafted keyctl system calls that trigger keyring operations in simultaneous threads. | |||||
| CVE-2014-2243 | 1 Mediawiki | 1 Mediawiki | 2014-03-03 | 5.8 MEDIUM | N/A |
| includes/User.php in MediaWiki before 1.19.12, 1.20.x and 1.21.x before 1.21.6, and 1.22.x before 1.22.3 terminates validation of a user token upon encountering the first incorrect character, which makes it easier for remote attackers to obtain access via a brute-force attack that relies on timing differences in responses to incorrect token guesses. | |||||
| CVE-2014-0710 | 1 Cisco | 1 Firewall Services Module Software | 2014-02-24 | 7.1 HIGH | N/A |
| Race condition in the cut-through proxy feature in Cisco Firewall Services Module (FWSM) Software 3.x before 3.2(28) and 4.x before 4.1(15) allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (device reload) via certain matching traffic, aka Bug ID CSCuj16824. | |||||
| CVE-2014-0616 | 1 Juniper | 1 Junos | 2014-01-24 | 7.1 HIGH | N/A |
| Juniper Junos 10.4 before 10.4R16, 11.4 before 11.4R10, 12.1R before 12.1R8-S2, 12.1X44 before 12.1X44-D30, 12.1X45 before 12.1X45-D20, 12.1X46 before 12.1X46-D10, 12.2 before 12.2R7, 12.3 before 12.3R4-S2, 13.1 before 13.1R3-S1, 13.2 before 13.2R2, and 13.3 before 13.3R1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (rdp crash) via a large BGP UPDATE message which immediately triggers a withdraw message to be sent, as demonstrated by a long AS_PATH and a large number of BGP Communities. | |||||
| CVE-2013-2162 | 1 Canonical | 1 Ubuntu Linux | 2014-01-14 | 1.9 LOW | N/A |
| Race condition in the post-installation script (mysql-server-5.5.postinst) for MySQL Server 5.5 for Debian GNU/Linux and Ubuntu Linux creates a configuration file with world-readable permissions before restricting the permissions, which allows local users to read the file and obtain sensitive information such as credentials. | |||||
| CVE-2013-7283 | 1 Libreswan | 1 Libreswan | 2014-01-10 | 9.3 HIGH | N/A |
| Race condition in the libreswan.spec files for Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) and Fedora packages in libreswan 3.6 has unspecified impact and attack vectors, involving the /var/tmp/libreswan-nss-pwd temporary file. | |||||
| CVE-2013-7026 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2014-01-08 | 4.7 MEDIUM | N/A |
| Multiple race conditions in ipc/shm.c in the Linux kernel before 3.12.2 allow local users to cause a denial of service (use-after-free and system crash) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a crafted application that uses shmctl IPC_RMID operations in conjunction with other shm system calls. | |||||
| CVE-2012-4508 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2014-01-08 | 1.9 LOW | N/A |
| Race condition in fs/ext4/extents.c in the Linux kernel before 3.4.16 allows local users to obtain sensitive information from a deleted file by reading an extent that was not properly marked as uninitialized. | |||||
| CVE-2012-0426 | 1 Novell | 1 Suse Linux Enterprise For Sap Applications | 2013-12-03 | 7.2 HIGH | N/A |
| Race condition in sap_suse_cluster_connector before 1.0.0-0.8.1 in SUSE Linux Enterprise for SAP Applications 11 SP2 allows local users to have an unspecified impact via vectors related to a tmp/ directory. | |||||
| CVE-2012-3868 | 1 Isc | 1 Bind | 2013-11-25 | 4.3 MEDIUM | N/A |
| Race condition in the ns_client structure management in ISC BIND 9.9.x before 9.9.1-P2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory consumption or process exit) via a large volume of TCP queries. | |||||
| CVE-2013-4740 | 1 Qualcomm | 1 Quic Mobile Station Modem Kernel | 2013-11-14 | 6.9 MEDIUM | N/A |
| goodix_tool.c in the Goodix gt915 touchscreen driver for the Linux kernel 3.x, as used in Qualcomm Innovation Center (QuIC) Android contributions for MSM devices and other products, relies on user-space length values for kernel-memory copies of procfs file content, which allows attackers to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via an application that provides crafted values. | |||||
| CVE-2013-5164 | 1 Apple | 1 Iphone Os | 2013-10-24 | 3.3 LOW | N/A |
| Multiple race conditions in the Phone app in Apple iOS before 7.0.3 allow physically proximate attackers to bypass the locked state, and dial the telephone numbers in arbitrary Contacts entries, by visiting the Contacts pane. | |||||
| CVE-2012-3511 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2013-10-24 | 6.2 MEDIUM | N/A |
| Multiple race conditions in the madvise_remove function in mm/madvise.c in the Linux kernel before 3.4.5 allow local users to cause a denial of service (use-after-free and system crash) via vectors involving a (1) munmap or (2) close system call. | |||||
| CVE-2011-2731 | 1 Vmware | 1 Springsource Spring Security | 2013-10-24 | 5.1 MEDIUM | N/A |
| Race condition in the RunAsManager mechanism in VMware SpringSource Spring Security before 2.0.7 and 3.0.x before 3.0.6 stores the Authentication object in the shared security context, which allows attackers to gain privileges via a crafted thread. | |||||
| CVE-2013-5035 | 2 Htmlcleaner Project, Open-xchange | 2 Htmlcleaner, Open-xchange Appsuite | 2013-10-08 | 4.9 MEDIUM | N/A |
| Multiple race conditions in HtmlCleaner before 2.6, as used in Open-Xchange AppSuite 7.2.2 before rev13 and other products, allow remote authenticated users to read the private e-mail of other persons in opportunistic circumstances by leveraging lack of thread safety and performing a rapid series of (1) mail-sending or (2) draft-saving operations. | |||||
| CVE-2013-5474 | 1 Cisco | 1 Ios | 2013-10-07 | 7.8 HIGH | N/A |
| Race condition in the IPv6 virtual fragmentation reassembly (VFR) implementation in Cisco IOS 12.2 through 12.4 and 15.0 through 15.3 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (device reload or hang) via fragmented IPv6 packets, aka Bug ID CSCud64812. | |||||
| CVE-2013-5147 | 1 Apple | 1 Iphone Os | 2013-09-27 | 3.7 LOW | N/A |
| Passcode Lock in Apple iOS before 7 does not properly manage the lock state, which allows physically proximate attackers to bypass an intended passcode requirement by leveraging a race condition involving phone calls and ejection of a SIM card. | |||||
| CVE-2012-3748 | 1 Apple | 2 Iphone Os, Safari | 2013-09-18 | 5.1 MEDIUM | N/A |
| Race condition in WebKit in Apple iOS before 6.0.1 and Safari before 6.0.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (application crash) via vectors involving JavaScript arrays. | |||||
| CVE-2011-4348 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2013-07-25 | 7.1 HIGH | N/A |
| Race condition in the sctp_rcv function in net/sctp/input.c in the Linux kernel before 2.6.29 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (system hang) via SCTP packets. NOTE: in some environments, this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2011-2482. | |||||
| CVE-2013-3302 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2013-05-04 | 4.4 MEDIUM | N/A |
| Race condition in the smb_send_rqst function in fs/cifs/transport.c in the Linux kernel before 3.7.2 allows local users to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and OOPS) or possibly have unspecified other impact via vectors involving a reconnection event. | |||||
| CVE-2012-5415 | 1 Cisco | 3 5500 Adaptive Security Appliance, 5500 Series Adaptive Security Appliance, Adaptive Security Appliance | 2013-04-16 | 5.4 MEDIUM | N/A |
| Race condition on Cisco Adaptive Security Appliances (ASA) devices allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (CPU consumption or device reload) by establishing multiple connections, leading to improper handling of hash lookups for secondary flows, aka Bug IDs CSCue31622 and CSCuc71272. | |||||
| CVE-2012-3386 | 1 Gnu | 1 Automake | 2013-04-05 | 4.4 MEDIUM | N/A |
| The "make distcheck" rule in GNU Automake before 1.11.6 and 1.12.x before 1.12.2 grants world-writable permissions to the extraction directory, which introduces a race condition that allows local users to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors. | |||||
| CVE-2012-1338 | 1 Cisco | 9 Catalyst 3560, Catalyst 3560-e, Catalyst 3560-x and 6 more | 2013-04-02 | 6.3 MEDIUM | N/A |
| Cisco IOS 15.0 and 15.1 on Catalyst 3560 and 3750 series switches allows remote authenticated users to cause a denial of service (device reload) by completing local web authentication quickly, aka Bug ID CSCts88664. | |||||
| CVE-2012-3063 | 1 Cisco | 1 Application Control Engine Software | 2013-03-22 | 7.1 HIGH | N/A |
| Cisco Application Control Engine (ACE) before A4(2.3) and A5 before A5(1.1), when multicontext mode is enabled, does not properly share a management IP address among multiple contexts, which allows remote authenticated administrators to bypass intended access restrictions in opportunistic circumstances, and read or modify configuration settings, via a login attempt to a context, aka Bug ID CSCts30631, a different vulnerability than CVE-2012-3058. | |||||
| CVE-2012-5660 | 1 Redhat | 1 Automatic Bug Reporting Tool | 2013-03-19 | 6.9 MEDIUM | N/A |
| abrt-action-install-debuginfo in Automatic Bug Reporting Tool (ABRT) 2.0.9 and earlier allows local users to set world-writable permissions for arbitrary files and possibly gain privileges via a symlink attack on "the directories used to store information about crashes." | |||||
| CVE-2013-0266 | 1 Openstack | 2 Essex, Folsom | 2013-03-18 | 2.1 LOW | N/A |
| manifests/base.pp in the puppetlabs-cinder module, as used in PackStack, uses world-readable permissions for the (1) cinder.conf and (2) api-paste.ini configuration files, which allows local users to read OpenStack administrative passwords by reading the files. | |||||
| CVE-2009-3110 | 1 Symantec | 1 Altiris Deployment Solution | 2013-02-07 | 5.8 MEDIUM | N/A |
| Race condition in the file transfer functionality in Symantec Altiris Deployment Solution 6.9.x before 6.9 SP3 Build 430 allows remote attackers to read sensitive files and prevent client updates by connecting to the file transfer port before the expected client does. | |||||
| CVE-2012-6095 | 1 Proftpd | 1 Proftpd | 2013-01-25 | 1.2 LOW | N/A |
| ProFTPD before 1.3.5rc1, when using the UserOwner directive, allows local users to modify the ownership of arbitrary files via a race condition and a symlink attack on the (1) MKD or (2) XMKD commands. | |||||
| CVE-2010-2793 | 1 Redhat | 2 Enterprise Virtualization Manager, Spice-activex | 2013-01-16 | 6.8 MEDIUM | N/A |
| Race condition in the SPICE (aka spice-activex) plug-in for Internet Explorer in Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization (RHEV) Manager before 2.2.4 allows local users to create a certain named pipe, and consequently gain privileges, via vectors involving knowledge of the name of this named pipe, in conjunction with use of the ImpersonateNamedPipeClient function. | |||||
| CVE-2011-1485 | 1 Redhat | 1 Policykit | 2012-12-19 | 6.9 MEDIUM | N/A |
| Race condition in the pkexec utility and polkitd daemon in PolicyKit (aka polkit) 0.96 allows local users to gain privileges by executing a setuid program from pkexec, related to the use of the effective user ID instead of the real user ID. | |||||
| CVE-2010-5184 | 2 Checkpoint, Microsoft | 2 Zonealarm Extreme Security, Windows Xp | 2012-09-05 | 6.2 MEDIUM | N/A |
| ** DISPUTED ** Race condition in ZoneAlarm Extreme Security 9.1.507.000 on Windows XP allows local users to bypass kernel-mode hook handlers, and execute dangerous code that would otherwise be blocked by a handler but not blocked by signature-based malware detection, via certain user-space memory changes during hook-handler execution, aka an argument-switch attack or a KHOBE attack. NOTE: this issue is disputed by some third parties because it is a flaw in a protection mechanism for situations where a crafted program has already begun to execute. | |||||
| CVE-2010-5183 | 2 Microsoft, Webroot | 2 Windows Xp, Internet Security Essentials | 2012-09-05 | 6.2 MEDIUM | N/A |
| ** DISPUTED ** Race condition in Webroot Internet Security Essentials 6.1.0.145 on Windows XP allows local users to bypass kernel-mode hook handlers, and execute dangerous code that would otherwise be blocked by a handler but not blocked by signature-based malware detection, via certain user-space memory changes during hook-handler execution, aka an argument-switch attack or a KHOBE attack. NOTE: this issue is disputed by some third parties because it is a flaw in a protection mechanism for situations where a crafted program has already begun to execute. | |||||
| CVE-2010-5153 | 2 Avira, Microsoft | 2 Premium Security Suite, Windows Xp | 2012-08-29 | 6.2 MEDIUM | N/A |
| ** DISPUTED ** Race condition in Avira Premium Security Suite 10.0.0.536 on Windows XP allows local users to bypass kernel-mode hook handlers, and execute dangerous code that would otherwise be blocked by a handler but not blocked by signature-based malware detection, via certain user-space memory changes during hook-handler execution, aka an argument-switch attack or a KHOBE attack. NOTE: this issue is disputed by some third parties because it is a flaw in a protection mechanism for situations where a crafted program has already begun to execute. | |||||
| CVE-2010-5152 | 2 Avg, Microsoft | 2 Internet Security, Windows Xp | 2012-08-29 | 6.2 MEDIUM | N/A |
| ** DISPUTED ** Race condition in AVG Internet Security 9.0.791 on Windows XP allows local users to bypass kernel-mode hook handlers, and execute dangerous code that would otherwise be blocked by a handler but not blocked by signature-based malware detection, via certain user-space memory changes during hook-handler execution, aka an argument-switch attack or a KHOBE attack. NOTE: this issue is disputed by some third parties because it is a flaw in a protection mechanism for situations where a crafted program has already begun to execute. | |||||
| CVE-2010-5176 | 2 Microsoft, Pcsecurityshield | 2 Windows Xp, Security Shield 2010 | 2012-08-27 | 6.2 MEDIUM | N/A |
| ** DISPUTED ** Race condition in Security Shield 2010 13.0.16.313 on Windows XP allows local users to bypass kernel-mode hook handlers, and execute dangerous code that would otherwise be blocked by a handler but not blocked by signature-based malware detection, via certain user-space memory changes during hook-handler execution, aka an argument-switch attack or a KHOBE attack. NOTE: this issue is disputed by some third parties because it is a flaw in a protection mechanism for situations where a crafted program has already begun to execute. | |||||
| CVE-2010-5174 | 2 Microsoft, Prevx | 2 Windows Xp, Prevx | 2012-08-27 | 6.2 MEDIUM | N/A |
| ** DISPUTED ** Race condition in Prevx 3.0.5.143 on Windows XP allows local users to bypass kernel-mode hook handlers, and execute dangerous code that would otherwise be blocked by a handler but not blocked by signature-based malware detection, via certain user-space memory changes during hook-handler execution, aka an argument-switch attack or a KHOBE attack. NOTE: this issue is disputed by some third parties because it is a flaw in a protection mechanism for situations where a crafted program has already begun to execute. | |||||
| CVE-2010-5172 | 2 Microsoft, Pandasecurity | 2 Windows Xp, Panda Internet Security 2010 | 2012-08-27 | 6.2 MEDIUM | N/A |
| ** DISPUTED ** Race condition in Panda Internet Security 2010 15.01.00 on Windows XP allows local users to bypass kernel-mode hook handlers, and execute dangerous code that would otherwise be blocked by a handler but not blocked by signature-based malware detection, via certain user-space memory changes during hook-handler execution, aka an argument-switch attack or a KHOBE attack. NOTE: this issue is disputed by some third parties because it is a flaw in a protection mechanism for situations where a crafted program has already begun to execute. | |||||
| CVE-2010-5167 | 2 Microsoft, Norman | 2 Windows Xp, Security Suite | 2012-08-27 | 6.2 MEDIUM | N/A |
| ** DISPUTED ** Race condition in Norman Security Suite PRO 8.0 on Windows XP allows local users to bypass kernel-mode hook handlers, and execute dangerous code that would otherwise be blocked by a handler but not blocked by signature-based malware detection, via certain user-space memory changes during hook-handler execution, aka an argument-switch attack or a KHOBE attack. NOTE: this issue is disputed by some third parties because it is a flaw in a protection mechanism for situations where a crafted program has already begun to execute. | |||||
| CVE-2010-5163 | 2 Kaspersky, Microsoft | 2 Kaspersky Internet Security 2010, Windows Xp | 2012-08-27 | 6.2 MEDIUM | N/A |
| ** DISPUTED ** Race condition in Kaspersky Internet Security 2010 9.0.0.736 on Windows XP allows local users to bypass kernel-mode hook handlers, and execute dangerous code that would otherwise be blocked by a handler but not blocked by signature-based malware detection, via certain user-space memory changes during hook-handler execution, aka an argument-switch attack or a KHOBE attack. NOTE: this issue is disputed by some third parties because it is a flaw in a protection mechanism for situations where a crafted program has already begun to execute. | |||||
| CVE-2010-5162 | 2 Gdata, Microsoft | 2 Totalcare 2010, Windows Xp | 2012-08-27 | 6.2 MEDIUM | N/A |
| ** DISPUTED ** Race condition in G DATA TotalCare 2010 on Windows XP allows local users to bypass kernel-mode hook handlers, and execute dangerous code that would otherwise be blocked by a handler but not blocked by signature-based malware detection, via certain user-space memory changes during hook-handler execution, aka an argument-switch attack or a KHOBE attack. NOTE: this issue is disputed by some third parties because it is a flaw in a protection mechanism for situations where a crafted program has already begun to execute. | |||||
| CVE-2010-5161 | 2 F-secure, Microsoft | 2 F-secure Internet Security 2010, Windows Xp | 2012-08-27 | 6.2 MEDIUM | N/A |
| ** DISPUTED ** Race condition in F-Secure Internet Security 2010 10.00 build 246 on Windows XP allows local users to bypass kernel-mode hook handlers, and execute dangerous code that would otherwise be blocked by a handler but not blocked by signature-based malware detection, via certain user-space memory changes during hook-handler execution, aka an argument-switch attack or a KHOBE attack. NOTE: this issue is disputed by some third parties because it is a flaw in a protection mechanism for situations where a crafted program has already begun to execute. | |||||
| CVE-2010-5160 | 2 Eset, Microsoft | 2 Smart Security, Windows Xp | 2012-08-27 | 6.2 MEDIUM | N/A |
| ** DISPUTED ** Race condition in ESET Smart Security 4.2.35.3 on Windows XP allows local users to bypass kernel-mode hook handlers, and execute dangerous code that would otherwise be blocked by a handler but not blocked by signature-based malware detection, via certain user-space memory changes during hook-handler execution, aka an argument-switch attack or a KHOBE attack. NOTE: this issue is disputed by some third parties because it is a flaw in a protection mechanism for situations where a crafted program has already begun to execute. | |||||
| CVE-2010-5155 | 2 Eeye, Microsoft | 2 Blink, Windows Xp | 2012-08-27 | 6.2 MEDIUM | N/A |
| ** DISPUTED ** Race condition in Blink Professional 4.6.1 on Windows XP allows local users to bypass kernel-mode hook handlers, and execute dangerous code that would otherwise be blocked by a handler but not blocked by signature-based malware detection, via certain user-space memory changes during hook-handler execution, aka an argument-switch attack or a KHOBE attack. NOTE: this issue is disputed by some third parties because it is a flaw in a protection mechanism for situations where a crafted program has already begun to execute. | |||||
| CVE-2010-5154 | 2 Bitdefender, Microsoft | 2 Bitdefender Total Security 2010, Windows Xp | 2012-08-27 | 6.2 MEDIUM | N/A |
| ** DISPUTED ** Race condition in BitDefender Total Security 2010 13.0.20.347 on Windows XP allows local users to bypass kernel-mode hook handlers, and execute dangerous code that would otherwise be blocked by a handler but not blocked by signature-based malware detection, via certain user-space memory changes during hook-handler execution, aka an argument-switch attack or a KHOBE attack. NOTE: this issue is disputed by some third parties because it is a flaw in a protection mechanism for situations where a crafted program has already begun to execute. | |||||
| CVE-2010-5156 | 2 Ca, Microsoft | 2 Internet Security Suite 2010, Windows Xp | 2012-08-27 | 6.2 MEDIUM | N/A |
| ** DISPUTED ** Race condition in CA Internet Security Suite Plus 2010 6.0.0.272 on Windows XP allows local users to bypass kernel-mode hook handlers, and execute dangerous code that would otherwise be blocked by a handler but not blocked by signature-based malware detection, via certain user-space memory changes during hook-handler execution, aka an argument-switch attack or a KHOBE attack. NOTE: this issue is disputed by some third parties because it is a flaw in a protection mechanism for situations where a crafted program has already begun to execute. | |||||
| CVE-2010-5169 | 2 Emisoft, Microsoft | 2 Online Armor, Windows Xp | 2012-08-27 | 6.2 MEDIUM | N/A |
| ** DISPUTED ** Race condition in Online Armor Premium 4.0.0.35 on Windows XP allows local users to bypass kernel-mode hook handlers, and execute dangerous code that would otherwise be blocked by a handler but not blocked by signature-based malware detection, via certain user-space memory changes during hook-handler execution, aka an argument-switch attack or a KHOBE attack. NOTE: this issue is disputed by some third parties because it is a flaw in a protection mechanism for situations where a crafted program has already begun to execute. | |||||
| CVE-2010-5170 | 2 Microsoft, Online-solutions | 2 Windows Xp, Online Solutions Security Suite | 2012-08-27 | 6.2 MEDIUM | N/A |
| ** DISPUTED ** Race condition in Online Solutions Security Suite 1.5.14905.0 on Windows XP allows local users to bypass kernel-mode hook handlers, and execute dangerous code that would otherwise be blocked by a handler but not blocked by signature-based malware detection, via certain user-space memory changes during hook-handler execution, aka an argument-switch attack or a KHOBE attack. NOTE: this issue is disputed by some third parties because it is a flaw in a protection mechanism for situations where a crafted program has already begun to execute. | |||||
| CVE-2010-5171 | 2 Agnitum, Microsoft | 2 Outpost Security Suite, Windows Xp | 2012-08-27 | 6.2 MEDIUM | N/A |
| ** DISPUTED ** Race condition in Outpost Security Suite Pro 6.7.3.3063.452.0726 and 7.0.3330.505.1221 BETA on Windows XP allows local users to bypass kernel-mode hook handlers, and execute dangerous code that would otherwise be blocked by a handler but not blocked by signature-based malware detection, via certain user-space memory changes during hook-handler execution, aka an argument-switch attack or a KHOBE attack. NOTE: this issue is disputed by some third parties because it is a flaw in a protection mechanism for situations where a crafted program has already begun to execute. | |||||