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Total
450 CVE
| CVE | Vendors | Products | Updated | CVSS v2 | CVSS v3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2017-16129 | 1 Superagent Project | 1 Superagent | 2019-10-09 | 7.1 HIGH | 5.9 MEDIUM |
| The HTTP client module superagent is vulnerable to ZIP bomb attacks. In a ZIP bomb attack, the HTTP server replies with a compressed response that becomes several magnitudes larger once uncompressed. If a client does not take special care when processing such responses, it may result in excessive CPU and/or memory consumption. An attacker might exploit such a weakness for a DoS attack. To exploit this the attacker must control the location (URL) that superagent makes a request to. | |||||
| CVE-2017-16021 | 1 Uri-js Project | 1 Uri-js | 2019-10-09 | 6.8 MEDIUM | 6.5 MEDIUM |
| uri-js is a module that tries to fully implement RFC 3986. One of these features is validating whether or not a supplied URL is valid or not. To do this, uri-js uses a regular expression, This regular expression is vulnerable to redos. This causes the program to hang and the CPU to idle at 100% usage while uri-js is trying to validate if the supplied URL is valid or not. To check if you're vulnerable, look for a call to `require("uri-js").parse()` where a user is able to send their own input. This affects uri-js 2.1.1 and earlier. | |||||
| CVE-2017-10621 | 1 Juniper | 1 Junos | 2019-10-09 | 5.0 MEDIUM | 5.3 MEDIUM |
| A denial of service vulnerability in telnetd service on Juniper Networks Junos OS allows remote unauthenticated attackers to cause a denial of service. Affected Junos OS releases are: 12.1X46 prior to 12.1X46-D71; 12.3X48 prior to 12.3X48-D50; 14.1 prior to 14.1R8-S5, 14.1R9; 14.1X53 prior to 14.1X53-D50; 14.2 prior to 14.2R7-S9, 14.2R8; 15.1 prior to 15.1F2-S16, 15.1F5-S7, 15.1F6-S6, 15.1R5-S2, 15.1R6; 15.1X49 prior to 15.1X49-D90; 15.1X53 prior to 15.1X53-D47; 16.1 prior to 16.1R4-S1, 16.1R5; 16.2 prior to 16.2R1-S3, 16.2R2; | |||||
| CVE-2017-10613 | 1 Juniper | 1 Junos | 2019-10-09 | 2.1 LOW | 5.5 MEDIUM |
| A vulnerability in a specific loopback filter action command, processed in a specific logical order of operation, in a running configuration of Juniper Networks Junos OS, allows an attacker with CLI access and the ability to initiate remote sessions to the loopback interface with the defined action, to hang the kernel. Affected releases are Juniper Networks Junos OS 12.1X46 prior to 12.1X46-D55; 12.3X48 prior to 12.3X48-D35; 14.1 prior to 14.1R8-S4, 14.1R9; 14.1X53 prior to 14.1X53-D40; 14.2 prior to 14.2R4-S9, 14.2R7-S8, 14.2R8; 15.1 prior to 15.1F5-S3, 15.1F6, 15.1R4; 15.1X49 prior to 15.1X49-D60; 15.1X53 prior to 15.1X53-D47; 16.1 prior to 16.1R2. No other Juniper Networks products or platforms are affected by this issue. | |||||
| CVE-2017-0886 | 1 Nextcloud | 1 Nextcloud | 2019-10-09 | 4.0 MEDIUM | 6.5 MEDIUM |
| Nextcloud Server before 9.0.55 and 10.0.2 suffers from a Denial of Service attack. Due to an error in the application logic an authenticated adversary may trigger an endless recursion in the application leading to a potential Denial of Service. | |||||
| CVE-2016-8627 | 1 Redhat | 2 Jboss Enterprise Application Platform, Keycloak | 2019-10-09 | 4.3 MEDIUM | 6.5 MEDIUM |
| admin-cli before versions 3.0.0.alpha25, 2.2.1.cr2 is vulnerable to an EAP feature to download server log files that allows logs to be available via GET requests making them vulnerable to cross-origin attacks. An attacker could trigger the user's browser to request the log files consuming enough resources that normal server functioning could be impaired. | |||||
| CVE-2018-8005 | 2 Apache, Debian | 2 Traffic Server, Debian Linux | 2019-10-03 | 5.0 MEDIUM | 5.3 MEDIUM |
| When there are multiple ranges in a range request, Apache Traffic Server (ATS) will read the entire object from cache. This can cause performance problems with large objects in cache. This affects versions 6.0.0 to 6.2.2 and 7.0.0 to 7.1.3. To resolve this issue users running 6.x users should upgrade to 6.2.3 or later versions and 7.x users should upgrade to 7.1.4 or later versions. | |||||
| CVE-2018-16310 | 1 Technicolor | 2 Tg588v, Tg588v Firmware | 2019-10-03 | 6.1 MEDIUM | 6.5 MEDIUM |
| ** DISPUTED ** Technicolor TG588V V2 devices allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (networking outage) via a flood of random MAC addresses, as demonstrated by macof. NOTE: this might overlap CVE-2018-15852 and CVE-2018-15907. NOTE: Technicolor denies that the described behavior is a vulnerability and states that Wi-Fi traffic is slowed or stopped only while the devices are exposed to a MAC flooding attack. This has been confirmed through testing against official up-to-date versions. | |||||
| CVE-2018-15907 | 1 Technicolor | 2 Tc8305c, Tc8305c Firmware | 2019-10-03 | 6.1 MEDIUM | 6.5 MEDIUM |
| ** DISPUTED ** Technicolor (formerly RCA) TC8305C devices allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (networking outage) via a flood of random MAC addresses, as demonstrated by macof. NOTE: this might overlap CVE-2018-15852 and CVE-2018-16310. NOTE: Technicolor denies that the described behavior is a vulnerability and states that Wi-Fi traffic is slowed or stopped only while the devices are exposed to a MAC flooding attack. This has been confirmed through testing against official up-to-date versions. | |||||
| CVE-2018-15852 | 1 Technicolor | 2 Tc7200.20, Tc7200.20 Firmware | 2019-10-03 | 6.1 MEDIUM | 6.5 MEDIUM |
| ** DISPUTED ** Technicolor TC7200.20 devices allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (networking outage) via a flood of random MAC addresses, as demonstrated by macof. NOTE: Technicolor denies that the described behavior is a vulnerability and states that Wi-Fi traffic is slowed or stopped only while the devices are exposed to a MAC flooding attack. This has been confirmed through testing against official up-to-date versions. | |||||
| CVE-2018-12641 | 1 Gnu | 1 Binutils | 2019-10-03 | 4.3 MEDIUM | 5.5 MEDIUM |
| An issue was discovered in arm_pt in cplus-dem.c in GNU libiberty, as distributed in GNU Binutils 2.30. Stack Exhaustion occurs in the C++ demangling functions provided by libiberty, and there are recursive stack frames: demangle_arm_hp_template, demangle_class_name, demangle_fund_type, do_type, do_arg, demangle_args, and demangle_nested_args. This can occur during execution of nm-new. | |||||
| CVE-2018-1000872 | 1 Pykmip Project | 1 Pykmip | 2019-10-03 | 4.3 MEDIUM | 6.5 MEDIUM |
| OpenKMIP PyKMIP version All versions before 0.8.0 contains a CWE 399: Resource Management Errors (similar issue to CVE-2015-5262) vulnerability in PyKMIP server that can result in DOS: the server can be made unavailable by one or more clients opening all of the available sockets. This attack appear to be exploitable via A client or clients open sockets with the server and then never close them. This vulnerability appears to have been fixed in 0.8.0. | |||||
| CVE-2017-8327 | 1 Entropymine | 1 Imageworsener | 2019-10-03 | 7.1 HIGH | 6.5 MEDIUM |
| The bmpr_read_uncompressed function in imagew-bmp.c in libimageworsener.a in ImageWorsener before 1.3.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory consumption) via a crafted image. | |||||
| CVE-2017-6153 | 1 F5 | 13 Big-ip Access Policy Manager, Big-ip Advanced Firewall Manager, Big-ip Analytics and 10 more | 2019-10-03 | 5.0 MEDIUM | 5.3 MEDIUM |
| Features in F5 BIG-IP 13.0.0-13.1.0.3, 12.1.0-12.1.3.1, 11.6.1-11.6.3.1, 11.5.1-11.5.5, or 11.2.1 system that utilizes inflate functionality directly, via an iRule, or via the inflate code from PEM module are subjected to a service disruption via a "Zip Bomb" attack. | |||||
| CVE-2017-5867 | 1 Owncloud | 1 Owncloud | 2019-10-03 | 4.0 MEDIUM | 6.5 MEDIUM |
| ownCloud Server before 8.1.11, 8.2.x before 8.2.9, 9.0.x before 9.0.7, and 9.1.x before 9.1.3 allows remote authenticated users to cause a denial of service (server hang and logfile flooding) via a one bit BMP file. | |||||
| CVE-2017-3885 | 1 Cisco | 1 Firepower Management Center | 2019-10-03 | 7.1 HIGH | 5.9 MEDIUM |
| A vulnerability in the detection engine reassembly of Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) packets for Cisco Firepower System Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition because the Snort process consumes a high level of CPU resources. Affected Products: This vulnerability affects Cisco Firepower System Software running software releases 6.0.0, 6.1.0, 6.2.0, or 6.2.1 when the device is configured with an SSL policy that has at least one rule specifying traffic decryption. More Information: CSCvc58563. Known Affected Releases: 6.0.0 6.1.0 6.2.0 6.2.1. | |||||
| CVE-2017-2690 | 1 Huawei | 14 Espace U1910, Espace U1910 Firmware, Espace U1911 and 11 more | 2019-10-03 | 4.9 MEDIUM | 5.5 MEDIUM |
| SoftCo with software V200R003C20,eSpace U1910 with software V200R003C00, V200R003C20 and V200R003C30,eSpace U1911 with software V200R003C20, V200R003C30,eSpace U1930 with software V200R003C20 and V200R003C30,eSpace U1960 with software V200R003C20, V200R003C30,eSpace U1980 with software V200R003C20, V200R003C30,eSpace U1981 with software V200R003C20 and V200R003C30 have an denial of service (DoS) vulnerability, which allow an attacker with specific permission to craft a file containing malicious data and upload it to the device to exhaust memory, causing a DoS condition. | |||||
| CVE-2017-2333 | 1 Juniper | 1 Northstar Controller | 2019-10-03 | 4.0 MEDIUM | 6.5 MEDIUM |
| A persistent denial of service vulnerability in Juniper Networks NorthStar Controller Application prior to version 2.1.0 Service Pack 1 may allow a malicious, network-based, authenticated attacker to consume enough system resources to cause a persistent denial of service by visiting certain specific URLs on the server. | |||||
| CVE-2017-2327 | 1 Juniper | 1 Northstar Controller | 2019-10-03 | 4.9 MEDIUM | 5.5 MEDIUM |
| A denial of service vulnerability in Juniper Networks NorthStar Controller Application prior to version 2.1.0 Service Pack 1 may allow an authenticated malicious user to consume large amounts of system resources leading to a cascading denial of services. | |||||
| CVE-2017-2322 | 1 Juniper | 1 Northstar Controller | 2019-10-03 | 2.1 LOW | 5.5 MEDIUM |
| A denial of service vulnerability in Juniper Networks NorthStar Controller Application prior to version 2.1.0 Service Pack 1, may allow an authenticated user to cause widespread denials of service to system services by consuming TCP and UDP ports which are normally reserved for other system services. | |||||
| CVE-2017-18299 | 1 Qualcomm | 38 Mdm9206, Mdm9206 Firmware, Mdm9607 and 35 more | 2019-10-03 | 4.9 MEDIUM | 5.5 MEDIUM |
| Improper translation table consolidation logic leads to resource exhaustion and QSEE error in Snapdragon Automobile, Snapdragon Mobile and Snapdragon Wear in version MDM9206, MDM9607, MDM9650, MSM8996AU, SD 210/SD 212/SD 205, SD 425, SD 430, SD 450, SD 625, SD 650/52, SD 820, SD 820A, SD 835, SD 845, SD 850, SDA660 | |||||
| CVE-2017-14108 | 1 Gnome | 1 Gedit | 2019-10-03 | 7.1 HIGH | 5.5 MEDIUM |
| libgedit.a in GNOME gedit through 3.22.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (CPU consumption) via a file that begins with many '\0' characters. | |||||
| CVE-2017-11140 | 1 Graphicsmagick | 1 Graphicsmagick | 2019-10-03 | 7.1 HIGH | 5.5 MEDIUM |
| The ReadJPEGImage function in coders/jpeg.c in GraphicsMagick 1.3.26 creates a pixel cache before a successful read of a scanline, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (resource consumption) via crafted JPEG files. | |||||
| CVE-2017-1000359 | 1 Opendaylight | 1 Opendaylight | 2019-10-03 | 5.0 MEDIUM | 5.3 MEDIUM |
| Java out of memory error and significant increase in resource consumption. Component: OpenDaylight odl-mdsal-xsql is vulnerable to this flaw. Version: The tested versions are OpenDaylight 3.3 and 4.0. | |||||
| CVE-2017-0690 | 1 Google | 1 Android | 2019-10-03 | 4.3 MEDIUM | 5.5 MEDIUM |
| A denial of service vulnerability in the Android media framework. Product: Android. Versions: 4.4.4, 5.0.2, 5.1.1, 6.0, 6.0.1, 7.0, 7.1.1, 7.1.2. Android ID: A-36592202. | |||||
| CVE-2019-9349 | 1 Google | 1 Android | 2019-10-01 | 7.1 HIGH | 6.5 MEDIUM |
| In libstagefright, there is a possible resource exhaustion due to improper input validation. This could lead to remote denial of service with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation. Product: AndroidVersions: Android-10Android ID: A-124330204 | |||||
| CVE-2017-14988 | 1 Openexr | 1 Openexr | 2019-09-23 | 4.3 MEDIUM | 5.5 MEDIUM |
| ** DISPUTED ** Header::readfrom in IlmImf/ImfHeader.cpp in OpenEXR 2.2.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (excessive memory allocation) via a crafted file that is accessed with the ImfOpenInputFile function in IlmImf/ImfCRgbaFile.cpp. NOTE: The maintainer and multiple third parties believe that this vulnerability isn't valid. | |||||
| CVE-2019-16215 | 1 Zulip | 1 Zulip Server | 2019-09-18 | 4.0 MEDIUM | 6.5 MEDIUM |
| The Markdown parser in Zulip server before 2.0.5 used a regular expression vulnerable to exponential backtracking. A user who is logged into the server could send a crafted message causing the server to spend an effectively arbitrary amount of CPU time and stall the processing of future messages. | |||||
| CVE-2017-7940 | 1 Entropymine | 1 Imageworsener | 2019-09-16 | 4.3 MEDIUM | 5.5 MEDIUM |
| The iw_read_gif_file function in imagew-gif.c in libimageworsener.a in ImageWorsener 1.3.0 allows remote attackers to consume an amount of available memory via a crafted file. | |||||
| CVE-2018-20169 | 3 Canonical, Debian, Linux | 3 Ubuntu Linux, Debian Linux, Linux Kernel | 2019-08-13 | 7.2 HIGH | 6.8 MEDIUM |
| An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel before 4.19.9. The USB subsystem mishandles size checks during the reading of an extra descriptor, related to __usb_get_extra_descriptor in drivers/usb/core/usb.c. | |||||
| CVE-2019-13655 | 1 Imgix | 1 Imgix | 2019-08-07 | 4.3 MEDIUM | 6.5 MEDIUM |
| Imgix through 2019-06-19 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (resource consumption) by manipulating a small JPEG file to specify dimensions of 64250x64250 pixels, which is mishandled during an attempt to load the 'whole image' into memory. | |||||
| CVE-2018-17581 | 3 Canonical, Debian, Exiv2 | 3 Ubuntu Linux, Debian Linux, Exiv2 | 2019-08-06 | 4.3 MEDIUM | 6.5 MEDIUM |
| CiffDirectory::readDirectory() at crwimage_int.cpp in Exiv2 0.26 has excessive stack consumption due to a recursive function, leading to Denial of service. | |||||
| CVE-2018-15853 | 2 Canonical, Xkbcommon | 3 Ubuntu Linux, Libxkbcommon, Xkbcommon | 2019-08-06 | 2.1 LOW | 5.5 MEDIUM |
| Endless recursion exists in xkbcomp/expr.c in xkbcommon and libxkbcommon before 0.8.1, which could be used by local attackers to crash xkbcommon users by supplying a crafted keymap file that triggers boolean negation. | |||||
| CVE-2018-1157 | 1 Mikrotik | 1 Routeros | 2019-07-23 | 6.8 MEDIUM | 6.5 MEDIUM |
| Mikrotik RouterOS before 6.42.7 and 6.40.9 is vulnerable to a memory exhaustion vulnerability. An authenticated remote attacker can crash the HTTP server and in some circumstances reboot the system via a crafted HTTP POST request. | |||||
| CVE-2018-19838 | 1 Sass-lang | 1 Libsass | 2019-07-23 | 4.3 MEDIUM | 6.5 MEDIUM |
| In LibSass prior to 3.5.5, functions inside ast.cpp for IMPLEMENT_AST_OPERATORS expansion allow attackers to cause a denial-of-service resulting from stack consumption via a crafted sass file, as demonstrated by recursive calls involving clone(), cloneChildren(), and copy(). | |||||
| CVE-2018-19837 | 1 Sass-lang | 1 Libsass | 2019-07-23 | 4.3 MEDIUM | 6.5 MEDIUM |
| In LibSass prior to 3.5.5, Sass::Eval::operator()(Sass::Binary_Expression*) inside eval.cpp allows attackers to cause a denial-of-service resulting from stack consumption via a crafted sass file, because of certain incorrect parsing of '%' as a modulo operator in parser.cpp. | |||||
| CVE-2018-15607 | 1 Imagemagick | 1 Imagemagick | 2019-06-25 | 7.1 HIGH | 6.5 MEDIUM |
| In ImageMagick 7.0.8-11 Q16, a tiny input file 0x50 0x36 0x36 0x36 0x36 0x4c 0x36 0x38 0x36 0x36 0x36 0x36 0x36 0x36 0x1f 0x35 0x50 0x00 can result in a hang of several minutes during which CPU and memory resources are consumed until ultimately an attempted large memory allocation fails. Remote attackers could leverage this vulnerability to cause a denial of service via a crafted file. | |||||
| CVE-2018-19881 | 1 Artifex | 1 Mupdf | 2019-05-25 | 4.3 MEDIUM | 5.5 MEDIUM |
| In Artifex MuPDF 1.14.0, svg/svg-run.c allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (recursive calls followed by a fitz/xml.c fz_xml_att crash from excessive stack consumption) via a crafted svg file, as demonstrated by mupdf-gl. | |||||
| CVE-2017-12804 | 1 Entropymine | 1 Imageworsener | 2019-05-09 | 4.3 MEDIUM | 6.5 MEDIUM |
| The iwgif_init_screen function in imagew-gif.c:510 in ImageWorsener 1.3.2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (hmemory exhaustion) via a crafted file. | |||||
| CVE-2018-5784 | 3 Canonical, Debian, Libtiff | 3 Ubuntu Linux, Debian Linux, Libtiff | 2019-04-22 | 4.3 MEDIUM | 6.5 MEDIUM |
| In LibTIFF 4.0.9, there is an uncontrolled resource consumption in the TIFFSetDirectory function of tif_dir.c. Remote attackers could leverage this vulnerability to cause a denial of service via a crafted tif file. This occurs because the declared number of directory entries is not validated against the actual number of directory entries. | |||||
| CVE-2017-14342 | 2 Canonical, Imagemagick | 2 Ubuntu Linux, Imagemagick | 2019-04-17 | 4.3 MEDIUM | 6.5 MEDIUM |
| ImageMagick 7.0.6-6 has a memory exhaustion vulnerability in ReadWPGImage in coders/wpg.c via a crafted wpg image file. | |||||
| CVE-2017-10799 | 1 Graphicsmagick | 1 Graphicsmagick | 2019-04-15 | 4.3 MEDIUM | 5.5 MEDIUM |
| When GraphicsMagick 1.3.25 processes a DPX image (with metadata indicating a large width) in coders/dpx.c, a denial of service (OOM) can occur in ReadDPXImage(). | |||||
| CVE-2018-3979 | 2 Canonical, Nvidia | 33 Ubuntu Linux, Geforce Gtx 745, Geforce Gtx 745 Firmware and 30 more | 2019-04-09 | 4.3 MEDIUM | 6.5 MEDIUM |
| A remote denial-of-service vulnerability exists in the way the Nouveau Display Driver (the default Ubuntu Nvidia display driver) handles GPU shader execution. A specially crafted pixel shader can cause remote denial-of-service issues. An attacker can provide a specially crafted website to trigger this vulnerability. This vulnerability can be triggered remotely after the user visits a malformed website. No further user interaction is required. Vulnerable versions include Ubuntu 18.04 LTS (linux 4.15.0-29-generic x86_64), Nouveau Display Driver NV117 (vermagic: 4.15.0-29-generic SMP mod_unload). | |||||
| CVE-2018-4409 | 2 Apple, Microsoft | 6 Icloud, Iphone Os, Itunes and 3 more | 2019-04-05 | 4.3 MEDIUM | 6.5 MEDIUM |
| A resource exhaustion issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue affected versions prior to iOS 12.1, tvOS 12.1, Safari 12.0.1, iTunes 12.9.1, iCloud for Windows 7.8. | |||||
| CVE-2016-1784 | 1 Apple | 3 Iphone Os, Safari, Tvos | 2019-03-25 | 4.3 MEDIUM | 6.5 MEDIUM |
| The History implementation in WebKit in Apple iOS before 9.3, Safari before 9.1, and tvOS before 9.2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (resource consumption and application crash) via a crafted web site. | |||||
| CVE-2016-4592 | 2 Apple, Webkitgtk | 5 Iphone Os, Safari, Tvos and 2 more | 2019-03-20 | 7.1 HIGH | 6.5 MEDIUM |
| WebKit in Apple iOS before 9.3.3, Safari before 9.1.2, and tvOS before 9.2.2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory consumption) via a crafted web site. | |||||
| CVE-2018-20699 | 2 Docker, Redhat | 2 Engine, Enterprise Linux Server | 2019-03-14 | 4.0 MEDIUM | 4.9 MEDIUM |
| Docker Engine before 18.09 allows attackers to cause a denial of service (dockerd memory consumption) via a large integer in a --cpuset-mems or --cpuset-cpus value, related to daemon/daemon_unix.go, pkg/parsers/parsers.go, and pkg/sysinfo/sysinfo.go. | |||||
| CVE-2018-15469 | 2 Debian, Xen | 2 Debian Linux, Xen | 2019-03-08 | 4.9 MEDIUM | 6.5 MEDIUM |
| An issue was discovered in Xen through 4.11.x. ARM never properly implemented grant table v2, either in the hypervisor or in Linux. Unfortunately, an ARM guest can still request v2 grant tables; they will simply not be properly set up, resulting in subsequent grant-related hypercalls hitting BUG() checks. An unprivileged guest can cause a BUG() check in the hypervisor, resulting in a denial-of-service (crash). | |||||
| CVE-2017-14223 | 2 Debian, Ffmpeg | 2 Debian Linux, Ffmpeg | 2019-03-05 | 7.1 HIGH | 6.5 MEDIUM |
| In libavformat/asfdec_f.c in FFmpeg 3.3.3, a DoS in asf_build_simple_index() due to lack of an EOF (End of File) check might cause huge CPU consumption. When a crafted ASF file, which claims a large "ict" field in the header but does not contain sufficient backing data, is provided, the for loop would consume huge CPU and memory resources, since there is no EOF check inside the loop. | |||||
| CVE-2018-20186 | 1 Axiosys | 1 Bento4 | 2019-01-30 | 4.3 MEDIUM | 6.5 MEDIUM |
| An issue was discovered in Bento4 1.5.1-627. AP4_Sample::ReadData in Core/Ap4Sample.cpp allows attackers to trigger an attempted excessive memory allocation, related to AP4_DataBuffer::SetDataSize and AP4_DataBuffer::ReallocateBuffer in Core/Ap4DataBuffer.cpp. | |||||